Defence, Spain
Club football at Bayer 04 Leverkusen.
Sourced facts, dated and on the record. Squad membership, and his club when a source names one. Nothing invented; we don’t make players up.
At a glance
age
30
sourced with the squad
position
Defence
Spain
club
Bayer 04 Leverkusen
football-data.org
club tier
1804
ClubElo strength
our board
#192
of 1424 rated players
folded so far
2569′
30 appearances
transfer market value (EUR millions), as a rank among peers
20.00
97th percentile of peers
Sourced
- squad
- Spain · Defencefootball-data.org · 2026-06-29
- club
- Bayer 04 Leverkusenfootball-data.org · 2026-06-29
Sourced context, nothing more. It never touches a call.
Our rating · the working
the board →1898 ±45
his quality rating: club, age and measured output. The board orders by this plus his World Cup form, less a discount for how much we can measure him.
How the number is builtopenclose
1940 full roster Elo (+42 from national-team results)
the ± is how settled the number is, more minutes, tighter band
Tier 2, lineups + results, how rich the evidence is, not just how much
at or near his peak, no projected upside from age
Where he starts (his team’s strength, we refuse to invent what we haven’t measured) plus two fixed nudges make the quality rating above; the last line is what national-team results have added since, taking it to his full roster Elo.
- starts at Spain's strengththe fair club-over-national anchor, every player's starting point
- 1863
- age curve at 30 (defences' curve)the position's measured peak, no discount either way
- +0
- transfer market value, a sourced market-consensus quality prior (the stronger reading for him here)his percentile among minutes-qualified peers, from club seasons
- +35
- quality rating · club, age + measured output
- 1898
- form: national-team results, 30 appearances2569 minutes, weighted by margin, surprise and his match stats, but shared across the XI
- +42
- full roster Elo · with results
- 1940
Where the +35 skill term comes from
Not a reputation, a measurement. We score every shot in the data ourselves and rank him among minutes-qualified peers; a fixed arithmetic turns that rank into points.
- measured
- 20.00 transfer market value (EUR millions), as a rank among peers
- his rank
- 97th percentile of qualified peers
- scored from
- the CC0 Transfermarkt community mirror; a market-consensus quality prior, taken at a capped weight where it reads a player higher than our (fixed, partial) shot/event data can
- the arithmetic
- 46 pts/σ × z(97.1th) = 46 × 1.89 × 0.4 (position weight) = +35
A forward-only shadow signal, as of 2026-06-04. The skill term comes from our own xG models over the open archive; the rest is earned, recorded per appearance, auditable, never back-filled. It never moves a live call.
The notebook
The lines a beat writer keeps, except every one of ours is read off the ledger above, auditable to the night. Nothing invented.
standing
#192 of 1424 rated players on our board.
vs his seed
The folded nights have added +42 to the number he seeded with, he has outplayed his own prior.
workload
He barely leaves the pitch: 86′ a night across 30 folded appearances.
What he’d cost · our estimate
€3.5m–€14m ≈ €7m
Not a figure from any valuation site; we don’t republish those. Our own model: the level he plays at, what we’ve measured of him, his age and his role. A band, not a point: we can’t see contract length or release clauses, the two biggest real drivers, so we say so.
The workingopenclose
- reference feea mid-tier-club, peak-age forward of average measured skill
- €8m
- club tier 1804the level he plays at, the strongest signal of what a club pays
- ×2.77
- ageage 30, past the fee-peak, value falls ~18% a year
- ×0.55
- defender fee factorstrikers set the market's top; midfield runs close; defence and goal at the record books' discounts
- ×0.58
- individual skillour xG model has no confident read on him, priced on club, age and role only, so the band is wide
- ×1.00
- our estimate
- ≈ €7m
fee-model v3 priors (panel-anchored, 2026-06), calibrated against our reported fees. The band is roughly two-in-three likely; contract length and release clauses are data we don’t hold. Context only, it never touches a call.
The fee record · sourced
The market’s last public word: €1.5m (2016-01). Our estimate today: ≈ €7m. The gap is evidence, many of them, together, recalibrate our model; no single one rewrites him.
our read: undervalued , we rate him 365% above his last market price (a gem signal, context only)
- 2023-07-01Benfica → Bayer Leverkusenfree
- 2016-01-04Barcelona → Benfica€1.5m
Reported moves, dated and attributed (api-football.com), news facts, not a valuation site’s estimates. It never touches a call.
In our coverage · Spain’s record
- at Uruguay0–1Called it
- v Saudi Arabia5–0Called it
- v Cape Verde0–0Missed it
The newsroom’s calls on Spain. Team-level, never dressed up as a player stat.
Squad · sourced