Lucas Digne

1999 full roster Elo (+5 from national-team results)

the ± is how settled the number is, more minutes, tighter band

Tier 2, lineups + results, how rich the evidence is, not just how much

at or near his peak, no projected upside from age

Where he starts (his team’s strength, we refuse to invent what we haven’t measured) plus two fixed nudges make the quality rating above; the last line is what national-team results have added since, taking it to his full roster Elo.

starts at France's strengththe fair club-over-national anchor, every player's starting point

1980

age curve at 32 (defences' curve)measured from the open archive by our own study (defenders: the published literature's shape), never fitted to our calls

-10

transfer market value, a sourced market-consensus quality prior (the stronger reading for him here)his percentile among minutes-qualified peers, from club seasons

+24

quality rating · club, age + measured output

1994

form: national-team results, 30 appearances1802 minutes, weighted by margin, surprise and his match stats, but shared across the XI

+5

full roster Elo · with results

1999

Where the +24 skill term comes from

Not a reputation, a measurement. We score every shot in the data ourselves and rank him among minutes-qualified peers; a fixed arithmetic turns that rank into points.

measured

6.00 transfer market value (EUR millions), as a rank among peers

his rank

91th percentile of qualified peers

scored from

the CC0 Transfermarkt community mirror; a market-consensus quality prior, taken at a capped weight where it reads a player higher than our (fixed, partial) shot/event data can

the arithmetic

46 pts/σ × z(90.5th) = 46 × 1.31 × 0.4 (position weight) = +24

A forward-only shadow signal, as of 2026-06-22. The skill term comes from our own xG models over the open archive; the rest is earned, recorded per appearance, auditable, never back-filled. It never moves a live call.